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Diseases of Apple (Malus domestica) and Their Management

机译：苹果病害及其防治

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Apple (Malus domestica) is the most important remunerative temperate fruit crop grown in the North Western Himalayan region of India. Apple orchards in India are under constant threat from a large number of fungal and viral pathogens. Appropriate andtimely deployment of disease management depends on early disease detection. The most common diseases of apples are apple scab, powdery mildew, Alternaria leaf spot, Marsonina leaf spot, cankers, root rot, collar rot and mosaic. Depending on the incidenceand severity of infection by diseases impacts range from unappealing cosmetic appearance low marketability, and poor quality of fruit, to decreased yield or complete loss of fruit or trees, causing huge economic losses. Early pest and disease detectionare critical for appropriate and timely deployment of disease and pest management programs. Modern high-density apple orchards, which are usually made up of highly susceptible cultivars, are particularly vulnerable to the rapid spread of pathogens, potentially killing the entire orchard. Here we review some important diseases of apple and their management.
机译：苹果(苹果属有)是最重要的有利可图的作物生长在温带水果北西喜马拉雅地区的印度。果园在印度不断受到威胁大量的真菌和病毒病原体。适当的疾病和部署管理取决于早期疾病检测。苹果是苹果最常见的疾病黑星病、白粉病、链格孢属叶斑病,Marsonina叶斑病、时间、根腐病,衣领腐烂和马赛克。感染疾病的严重程度的影响范围从无吸引力的化妆品的外表低市场化,水果,质量差降低产量或水果或完全丧失树木,造成巨大的经济损失。和疾病detectionare适当的关键疾病和害虫的和及时的部署管理计划。果园,这通常是由高度易感品种,尤其容易受到病原体的快速传播,可能造成整个果园。回顾一些苹果和他们的重要疾病管理。

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