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Tesla Case Study-Using Incentives in a 'Bottom-Up' Approach

机译：特斯拉案例研究：以“自下而上”的方法使用激励措施

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摘要

Government support for businesses is one of the most politically contentious issues in American policy debates. Opponents on all sides of the political spectrum argue that it provides unfair advantage to one or a few companies and skews competition and generally, that government is unable to pick winners. As discussed above, during the early years of the Obama administration, the failure of the thin-film solar company Solyndra, which had received Department of Energy loans for its production, triggered a sharp political attack on the program. However, the Department's loan program continued, and in 2022, as noted above, was significantly expanded through the Inflation Reduction Act. Tesla, the first major electric vehicle maker, was a major beneficiary of the program receiving a major Department of Energy loan, approved in 2009 and available through 2013. But this was only one example, although a critical one, of the governmental support it received. By the end of 2021, Tesla had reached a market value of $1.06 trillion, overshadowing the combined value its five largest competitors. It had 2021 revenues of $54 billion, a 70 percent increase over 2020, and reported $5.6 billion in net income. By 2022 it was producing close to two million electric vehicles a year.
机译：政府支持企业之一在美国最具政治争议的问题政策辩论。政治派别认为,它提供了不公平的利用一个或几个公司和倾斜竞争,一般来说,政府无法挑选赢家。在早期的奥巴马管理、薄膜的失败太阳能公司Solyndra,收到了能源部的贷款为其生产,引发了尖锐的政治攻击程序。接着说,在2022年,如上所述,通过通货膨胀显著扩大减少的行为。汽车制造商的主要受益者程序接收能量的主要部门贷款,2009年批准和通过2013. 的关键,政府支持它收到。1.06万亿美元的市场价值,掩盖了结合五大竞争对手的价值。有2021的收入540亿美元,70%和报道,比2020年增加56亿美元净收益。每年几百万电动汽车。

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