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首页> 外文期刊>Infectious disorders drug targets >Herpes simplex encephalitis : from virus to therapy.
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Herpes simplex encephalitis : from virus to therapy.

机译:单纯疱疹性脑炎:从病毒到治疗。

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Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the cause of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), a devastating human disease which occurs in 2-4 cases per million/year. HSE results either from a primary infection or virus reactivation, in accordance with the common pattern of HSV infection which is a chronic lifelong process. However its pathophysiology remains largely unknown and its poor prognosis is in contrast with the usually good tolerance of most clinical herpetic manifestations. HSE is due to HSV type 1 (HSV-1) in most cases but HSV type 2 (HSV-2) may be also implicated, especially in infants in the context of neonatal herpes. Polymerase chain reaction detection of HSV DNA in cerebrospinal fluid is the diagnosis of choice for HSE. Acyclovir, a nucleoside analogue which inhibits viral DNA polymerase activity, is the reference treatment of HSE while foscarnet constitutes an alternative therapy and the efficacy of cidofovir is currently uncertain in that context. The emergence of HSV resistance to acyclovir, a phenomenon which is mainly observed among immunocompromised patients, is a current concern although no case of HSE due to an acyclovir-resistant HSV strain has been reported to date. Nevertheless the identification and development of novel therapeutic strategies against HSV appears to be a non dispensable objective for future research in virology.
机译:单纯疱疹病毒 (HSV) 是单纯疱疹性脑炎 (HSE) 的病因,HSE 是一种毁灭性的人类疾病,每年每百万人中有 2-4 例发生。HSE 由原发感染或病毒再激活引起,符合 HSV 感染的常见模式,这是一个慢性的终生过程。然而,其病理生理学在很大程度上仍是未知的,其不良预后与大多数临床疱疹表现通常良好的耐受性形成鲜明对比。在大多数情况下,HSE 是由 1 型 HSV (HSV-1) 引起的,但 HSV 2 型 (HSV-2) 也可能与此有关,尤其是在新生儿疱疹背景下的婴儿中。聚合酶链反应检测脑脊液中的HSV DNA是HSE的首选诊断。阿昔洛韦是一种抑制病毒DNA聚合酶活性的核苷类似物,是HSE的参考治疗药物,而膦甲酸是一种替代疗法,西多福韦的疗效目前尚不确定。HSV对阿昔洛韦耐药的出现是目前关注的问题,尽管迄今为止尚未报告由阿昔洛韦耐药HSV菌株引起的HSE病例,但这种现象主要在免疫功能低下的患者中观察到。然而,针对HSV的新型治疗策略的识别和开发似乎是未来病毒学研究的一个不可缺少的目标。

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