Role induction is a pantheoretical method that can be used in the initial phase of psychotherapy to prepare patients for treatment. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effects of role induction on treatment dropout, and immediate, mid-, and posttreatment outcomes for adult individual psychotherapy patients. A total of 17 studies were identified that met all inclusion criteria. Data from these studies indicate that role induction has a positive impact on reducing premature termination (k= 15, OR = 1.64,p = .03,12 = 56.39) and improving immediate within-session outcomes (k = 8, d = 0.64, p < .01, I2 = 88.80) and posttreatment outcomes (k = 8, d = 0.33, p < .01, I2 = 39.89). However, role induction did not show a significant impact on midtreatment outcomes (k = 5, d = 0.26, p = .30,I2 = 71.03). Results from moderator analyses are also presented. Training implications and therapeutic practices based on this research are also discussed.
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