Thirty oligo- or amenorrheic women with Stein-Leventhal syndrome were studied by radioimmunoassay of serum gonadotropins and assay of urinary steroids. Serum FSH and LH were determined in 9 of the 30 patients prior to, during and after therapy with clomiphene citrate for 21 or more days. Low, rather tonic serum FSH levels with widely fluctuating serum LH (low, normal or elevated) levels were found in those patients with polycystic ovaries. Administration of clomiphene resulted in an increase in serum FSH, LH or both, with a midcycle surge of both during ovulatory responses. After therapy, a preovulatory peak in urinary estrogens was demonstrated.
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