Fueled by the success of the graphical Web user interface Mosaic, the Internet took off like a rocket in the mid-'90s, and by 1996, graphics had become a reality in cyberspace—all but 3D graphics, that is. Although photographs, 2D animations, and even videos were becoming increasingly popular, 3D on the Web had fizzled mightily. VRML had failed, and many of the VRML-based companies hoping to bring 3D to the Web had folded. (VRML, the Virtual Reality Markup, or Modeling, Language, was created in 1994 to put virtual worlds on the Internet. It is the 3D version of HTML, the Hypertext Markup Language, which is used to create Web pages.)
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