Using a new system shot peening and/or stress peening in an air blast machine at elevated temperatures is feasible. The effects of conventional shot peening, stress peening, warm peening and stress peening at elevated temperatures on the characteristics of regions close to the surface, on the stability of residual stresses and on the fatigue strength of a quenched and tempered AISI 4140 steel (German grade 42 CrMo 4) are presented. The alternating bending strength is increased by stress peening, warm peening and especially the combination of both compared to conventional shot peening. These effects are due to the residual stresses induced and the stability of the dislocation structure, which is highly affected by strain ageing effects.
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