This consisted of most of the material in sections 3–5 of this paper, an analysis of data from Russian that makes the same main points, and most of the theoretical conclusions. Class presentations at UCSD in 1979 added the material in section 2 and arguments for impersonal Inversion in Japanese. The analysis of Italian in sections 2–4 and the major theoretical conclusions were presented at the annual meeting of the Canadian Linguistic Association in Halifax in May 1981. I am indebted to students and colleagues at Harvard, MIT, and UCSD for valuable comments and suggestions on this work as it developed, and especially to Luigi Rizzi for interesting discussions during his stay in Cambridge in 1977
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