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首页> 外文期刊>Experimental Brain Research >Visuomotor errors drive step length and step time adaptation during ‘virtual’ split-belt walking: the effects of reinforcement feedback
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Visuomotor errors drive step length and step time adaptation during ‘virtual’ split-belt walking: the effects of reinforcement feedback

机译：Visuomotor errors drive step length and step time adaptation during ‘virtual’ split-belt walking: the effects of reinforcement feedback

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Abstract Precise foot placement is dependent on changes in spatial and temporal coordination between two legs in response to a perturbation during walking. Here, we used a ‘virtual’ split-belt adaptation task to examine the effects of reinforcement (reward and punishment) feedback about foot placement on the changes in error, step length and step time asymmetry. Twenty-seven healthy adults (20?±?2.5?years) walked on a treadmill with continuous feedback of the foot position and stepping targets projected on a screen, defined by a visuomotor gain for each leg. The paradigm consisted of a baseline period (same gain on both legs), visuomotor adaptation period (split: one high?=?‘fast’, one low?=?‘slow’ gain) and post-adaptation period (same gain). Participants were divided into 3 groups: control group received no score, reward group received increasing score for each target hit, and punishment group received decreasing score for each target missed. Re-adaptation was assessed 24?±?2?h later. During early adaptation, the slow foot undershot and fast foot overshot the stepping target. Foot placement errors were gradually reduced by late adaptation, accompanied by increasing step length asymmetry (fast??slow step time). Only the punishment group showed greater error reduction and step length re-adaptation on the next day. The results show that (1) explicit feedback of foot placement alone drives adaptation of both step length and step time asymmetry during virtual split-belt walking, and (2) specifically, step length re-adaptation driven by visuomotor errors may be enhanced by punishment feedback.

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