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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of visualization >Experimental investigation of air concentration profiles in a dam bottom outlet by using gray scale images with high resolution
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Experimental investigation of air concentration profiles in a dam bottom outlet by using gray scale images with high resolution

机译：Experimental investigation of air concentration profiles in a dam bottom outlet by using gray scale images with high resolution

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Abstract Most dams include bottom outlets consisting of tunnels or pipes to control water discharge by using valves or slide gates to regulate water level in reservoirs for service operation or during an emergency. When the gates are partially open, subatmospheric pressure can develop on the downstream side of the gates, leading to possible damage by cavitation and vibration. In order to avoid the latter, an aeration system is usually installed downstream of the gates to keep the local pressure above the vapor pressure for preventing cavitation. The present study aims to estimate the air concentration profiles for a series of hydraulic jumps that occur on the downstream side of a partially open gate of a bottom outlet using a flow visualization technique, known as Image Processing Procedure (IPP), which consists of the Image Editing and the Pixel Intensity Matrix algorithms. This technique uses a high-speed camera and is based on the hypothesis that air concentration profiles can be estimated from the pixel intensity of each photograph, and also offers the possibility to obtain such profiles in any point along the hydraulic jump without disturbing the flow. The results obtained after applying the IPP to the photographs of the experimental study have very good agreement with the profiles obtained with a conductivity probe, indicating that the IPP can be a powerful tool to complement intrusive probe measurements. In addition, to evaluate the capability of the proposed IPP the experimental data were compared with a two-dimensional diffusion equation. Comparisons between predicted and measured results show good correlation demonstrating the potential of the proposed methodology. Graphical abstract

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