The contrast of shadow moire at high-order Talbot distances is studied. An exact solution for the contrast of shadow moire fringes is developed from the diffraction phenomenon and its validity is corroborated experimentally. The result is combined with an additional effect from the finite aperture of the camera to propose a complete expression for the contrast of shadow moire fringes. The results can guide the design of shadow moire configurations with high-order Talbot distances for high-sensitivity measurements.
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