The reliability of loess cave dwellings based on fuzzy failure criterion is researched to analyze the influence of fuzzy set, membership function, and different combinations of random variables. Due to the strength reduction method, the basic failure criterion is established, the fuzzy property of failure criterion is characterized by fuzzy set and membership function, and the performance function of loess cave dwellings is expressed by a quadratic polynomial without cross terms. Reliability is analyzed with different random variable combinations. The reliability research of loess cave dwellings in Shan Plateau, Henan province, China, shows that the loess property in this area is suitable for loess cave dwelling construction and the reliability index of loess cave dwellings is high, which will be decreased when considering the fuzzy failure criterion and will be increasing sharply when the small cave leg width is improved to average value.
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