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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T >Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Outdoor and Indoor Dust from Mainland China: Contributions of Unknown Precursors and Implications for Human Exposure
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Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Outdoor and Indoor Dust from Mainland China: Contributions of Unknown Precursors and Implications for Human Exposure

机译：Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Outdoor and Indoor Dust from Mainland China: Contributions of Unknown Precursors and Implications for Human Exposure

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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) wereanalyzed in outdoor (n= 101) and indoor dust (n= 43, 38 pairedwith outdoors) samples across mainland China. From 2013 to 2017,the median concentration of n-ary sumation PFASs in outdoor dust tripled from63 to 164 ng/g with an elevated contribution of trifluoroacetic acidand 6:2fluorotelomer alcohol. In 2017, the indoor dust levels of n-ary sumation PFASs were in the range 185-913 ng/g, which were generallyhigher than the outdoor dust levels (105-321 ng/g). EmergingPFASs were found at high median levels of 5.7-97 ng/g in bothindoor and outdoor dust samples. Asfirst revealed by the totaloxidized precursors assay, unknown perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA)-precursors contributed 37-67 mol % to the PFAS profiles in indoordust samples. A great proportion of C8 PFAA-precursors wereprecursors for perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, while C6 and C4 PFAA-precursors were mostlyfluorotelomer based. Furthermore, daily perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) equivalent intakes of PFAAs (C4-C12) mixtures via indoor dust werefirst estimated at 1.3-1.5 ng/kg b.w./d for toddlers at high scenarios, which exceeds the deriveddaily threshold of 0.63 ng/kg b.w./d. from the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). On this basis, an underestimation of 56%-69% likely remains without considering potential risks due to the biotransformation of unknown PFAA-precursors

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