This paper takes the flying defense team as the operating unit and studies the route planning and tasks in the process of plant protection operations as system problems. In the route planning, the flight defense team’s operating time is used as the optimization goal of route planning. Taking the UAV battery and drug load as constraints, the flight mission is divided into subtasks that can be completed by a single UAV in a single flight. On this basis, the particle swarm algorithm is used to optimize the task allocation, so as to achieve the goal of UAV plant protection route and task division with minimum time loss. In order to verify the effectiveness of the method in this paper, 3 and 4 UAVs flying defense teams were used as the experimental objects, and experiments were carried out in large and small field groups. In terms of time consumption, the method in this paper is compared with the unit operation area method and the single size method. The energy consumption advantage is weaker than time consumption. In terms of time consumption, the method in this paper can greatly improve the efficiency of large-area operation areas. Compared with the unit operation area method, 3 drones can increase the efficiency by 58.98%, which is increased by 10.22% compared with the unit size method. The efficiency of 4 units can be increased by 58.08% compared with the unit operation area method, and the efficiency is increased by 10.22% compared with the unit size method.
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