Abstract The manuscript describes coherent control of the anomalous optical drag in a three-levels atomic medium driven by probe and control fields. Generally, anomalous optical drag occurs in a medium with a negative group index and faster group velocity. The condition for anomalous optical drag is that the group index is less than the inverse of the refractive index. The group index is negative and its maximum negative value is measured to − 10,000. The study investigates the effect of probe field detuning, decay rates, and Rabi frequency of the control field on the anomalous optical drag. The results show that a maximum of − 100 μm linear anomalous photon drag is achieved with a control field in a medium moving with a velocity of 10 m/s. The maximum linear anomalous photon drag is found to be sensitive to probe detuning and decay rate, with a minimum value of − 0.8 μm. The modified results of this study could be useful for spatial modes imaging coding and sensing technology. The ability to control and manipulate the anomalous optical drag can enable the design of novel optical devices and systems with enhanced performance.
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