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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T >Elimination Resistance: Characterizing Multi-compartment Toxicokinetics of the Neonicotinoid Thiacloprid in the Amphipod Gammarus pulex Using Bioconcentration and Receptor-Binding Assays
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Elimination Resistance: Characterizing Multi-compartment Toxicokinetics of the Neonicotinoid Thiacloprid in the Amphipod Gammarus pulex Using Bioconcentration and Receptor-Binding Assays

机译：Elimination Resistance: Characterizing Multi-compartment Toxicokinetics of the Neonicotinoid Thiacloprid in the Amphipod Gammarus pulex Using Bioconcentration and Receptor-Binding Assays

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摘要

Inthe present study, we present a multi-compartment toxicokineticmodeling approach to evaluate the bioaccumulation of environmentalcontaminants (i.e., neonicotinoids) that are elimination resistantdue to protein or receptor binding. Delayed toxicity is a phenomenon observed for aquaticinvertebratesexposed to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, suchas neonicotinoids. Furthermore, recent studies have described an incompleteelimination of neonicotinoids by exposed amphipods. However, a mechanisticlink between receptor binding and toxicokinetic modeling has not beendemonstrated yet. The elimination of the neonicotinoid thiaclopridin the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex was studied in several toxicokinetic exposure experiments, complementedwith in vitro and in vivo receptor-binding assays. Based on the results,a two-compartment model was developed to predict the uptake and eliminationkinetics of thiacloprid in G. pulex. An incomplete elimination of thiacloprid, independent of eliminationphase duration, exposure concentrations, and pulses, was observed.Additionally, the receptor-binding assays indicated irreversible bindingof thiacloprid to the nAChRs. Accordingly, a toxicokinetic-receptormodel consisting of a structural and a membrane protein (includingnAChRs) compartment was developed. The model successfully predictedinternal thiacloprid concentrations across various experiments. Ourresults help in understanding the delayed toxic and receptor-mediatedeffects toward arthropods caused by neonicotinoids. Furthermore, theresults suggest that more awareness toward long-term toxic effectsof irreversible receptor binding is needed in a regulatory context.The developed model supports the future toxicokinetic assessment ofreceptor-binding contaminants.

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