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A Flash Vacuum-Induced Reaction in Preparing High　Performance Thermoelectric Cu_2S

机译：A Flash Vacuum-Induced Reaction in Preparing High　Performance Thermoelectric Cu_2S

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摘要

Synthesis of high-performance thermoelectric (TE) materials with tunable compositions and nanostructures normally require sophisticated and high-cost methods, such as high-temperature melting and solid-state reactions, which consume a large amount of time and energy and incur high costs. Herein, a fast, reliable, low-cost, and environmentally friendly method, namely the vacuum-induced method, is developed to rapidly synthesize Cu2S-based materials with high TE performance. By mixing finely ground powders of metal-Cu and S at room temperature, Cu2-xS compounds with a tunable x varied from 0-0.07 can be instantly formed by a quick sulfurization reaction once the mixture is placed inside a low vacuum (approximate to about 30 Pa and beyond). The atomic mechanism of Cu2-xS formation is studied by transmission electron microscopy, as a heterogeneous growth with the diffusion of both Cu+-cations and S2--anions. In a low vacuum, the sulfur vapor is preferably attached to the copper surface with rich defected sites such as atomic vacancies, steps, and edges. The synthesized Cu2-xS powders with further plasma-activated sintering treatment show high TE performance with ZT approximate to 1.56 around 800 K. Such a simple synthesis method may provide an effective and low-cost way to prepare sulfides with potential applications in TE materials and solid electrolytes.

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