Lucidity is obtained by understanding the differences between kinematic and radiative heat transfer and their relationships to temperature. Differences become apparent when one evaluates the utilitarian temperature associated with closed systems and compares that to temperatures measured in open systems. Acceptance, requires the realization that the sciences founded upon closed system experimentation is not always ideal for formulating open system physics. Temperatures measured in open systems that are dominated by anisotropic radiation often become non-sensible, e.g., those in Earth's upper atmosphere.
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