In recent years, frequent natural or man-made disturbances have been accelerating the study of resilience management. As an important source of system resilience, maintenance activities need managing effectively. Meanwhile, reliability importance measures have become an effective tool in maintenance management. However, there are still some challenges in the studies of importance measure-based maintenance management. A comprehensive review and discussion can serve as a useful reference for the future research. This paper firstly reviews the definitions of importance measures, maintenance, and resilience and then examines their interrelationships. It then analyses the roles of importance measures in maintenance management for resilience improvement. Finally, it proposes future research directions.
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