THE world's second most densely populated and land-scarce nation of Singapore has seen significant development of vertical buildings and infrastructure to accommodate the lack of horizontal space, making effective use of land space paramount to the country's development. To optimise land resources and promote economic and social growth, Singapore Land Authority (SLA) initiated the first nationwide 3D mapping programme in 2012 to map the entire country with rapid data capture technologies. SLA performed aerial and street mobile mapping and delivered the country's first national 3D map of Singapore in 2014/2015. The 3D map has been used by government agencies in their policy formulation, planning, operation, and risk management. However, as a dynamic country with rapid development and complex land use, the 2014/2015 snapshot is no longer adequate to support government and stakeholder needs.
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