Improving the energy eco-efficiency of the shipbuilding industry is the key to promoting the sustainable development of the shipbuilding industry. The paper applies modified EBM to measure the energy eco-efficiency of China's shipbuilding industry in 15 provinces and cities from 2005 to 2018. Then it analyzes spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics of energy eco-efficiency in the shipbuilding industry. Besides, it adopts spatial econometric models to test the spatial spillover effect of the factors on energy eco-efficiency. The results show that: From the perspective of temporal differentiation, the overall energy eco-efficiency of the shipbuilding in-dustry fluctuates from 2005 to 2018, showing the stage and regional characteristics. The overall evolution is from "large gap low efficiency" to "small gap high efficiency". From the perspective of spatial differentiation, the energy eco-efficiency of the shipbuilding industry in the Middle and Western provinces is rising rapidly, while the energy eco-efficiency in the Eastern provinces is declining gradually and the spatial differentiation is decreasing. In addition to government influence, other factors have significant positive direct effects on the spatial-temporal differentiation of the energy eco-efficiency in this region. The measures such as improving the development level of the shipbuilding industry and deepening foreign cooperation can improve the energy eco-efficiency. This study provides significant managerial implications for both practitioners and policymakers in the maritime area.
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