Edinburgh has been Scotland's capital since the 15th century and is steeped in history. Its centre is compact and hilly, with many magnificent views and buildings. It comprises a medieval Old Town and an elegant Georgian New Town with gardens and neoclassical buildings. These two contrasting townscapes, which give the city its unique character, are together listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Towering over the city is Edinburgh Castle, a former fortress and royal residence, at the top of the 'Royal Mile'. It is home to Scotland's crown jewels and the Stone of Destiny - once used in the coronation of Scotland's monarchs. Other sites include the Palace of Holyroodhouse, St. Giles' Cathedral, Canongate and Greyfriars churches, Arthur's Seat and Princes Street. Edinburgh is the seat of the Scottish Government, the Scottish Parliament and the highest courts in Scotland. The city has long been a centre of education, particularly in the fields of science and engineering, medicine, law, literature and philosophy.
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