The administration of a single course of corticosteroids before week 34?+?0 of gestation in cases with impending preterm birth is now standard procedure in obstetric care and firmlyestablished in the guidelines of different countries. But despite the apparently convincing data, numerous aspects of this intervention have not yet been properly studied. It is still notclear which corticosteroid achieves the best results. There are very few studies on what constitutes an appropriate dose, circadian rhythms, the time frame in which corticosteroids areeffective, and the balance between the risks and benefits of repeat administration. As the existing studies have rarely included patients before week 24?+?0 of gestation, we have very littleinformation on the possible benefits of administering corticosteroids before this timepoint. If corticosteroids are administered antenatally after week 34?+?0 of gestation, the short-termbenefit may be offset by the long-term adverse effect on psychomotor development. This present study summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding these issues.
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