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Recovering Rare Earth Elements from Coal Mine Drainage Using Industrial Byproducts: Environmental and Economic Consequences

机译:Recovering Rare Earth Elements from Coal Mine Drainage Using Industrial Byproducts: Environmental and Economic Consequences

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摘要

Coal mine drainage (CMD) impairs tens of thousands of kilometers of U.S. waterways each year, in part with theleaching of low concentrations of rare earth elements (REEs). REEs are essential for modern technologies, yeteconomically viable natural deposits are geospatially limited, thus engendering geopolitical concerns, and theirmining is energy intense and environmentally destructive. This work summarizes laboratory-scale experimentalresults of a trap-extract-precipitate (TEP) process and uses the mass and energy balances to estimate theeconomic costs and environmental impacts of the TEP. The TEP process uses the alkalinity and filtering capacityof stabilized flue gas desulfurization (sFGD) material or water treatment plant (WTP) sludge to remediate CMDwaters and extract REEs. Passive treatment systems that use WTP sludge are cheaper than those that use sFGDmaterial ($89,300/year or $86/gT-REE vs. $89,800/year or $278/gT-REE) and have improved environmentalperformance across all indicators from two different impact assessment methods. These differences are largelyattributable to the larger neutralizing capacity of WTP sludge in the treatment application.

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