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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of historical geography >Settlement expansion influenced by socio-cultural changes in western Hunan mountainous areas of China during the eighteenth century
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Settlement expansion influenced by socio-cultural changes in western Hunan mountainous areas of China during the eighteenth century

机译：Settlement expansion influenced by socio-cultural changes in western Hunan mountainous areas of China during the eighteenth century

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摘要

This paper examines long-term settlement expansion in western Hunan region of China and presents a case study of socio-cultural landscape transformation. We extract historical settlements from historical documents in the area's representative counties and outline their spatial distributions during the eighteenth century. Following these distributions, we then examine the influencing factors behind the expansion. We found that when compared with older settlements, new settlements were concentrated primarily on sloping, high-elevation fields rather than more level, lower-elevation fields. Multiple factors affected this settlement expansion. Topography strongly influenced settlement distribution, while policy shifts strongly influenced settlement expansion. Among these was a policy shift from prohibition to encouragement. Other contributing factors to settlement expansion included population growth, immigration, the introduction of new crops, improved farming techniques, and farmland water conservation facilities, which likely benefited from temperature rises. Furthermore, a portion of the indigenous people gradually transitioned into permanent agriculture from slash-and-burn farming, possibly resulting in increased settlement activities. Overall, this study makes important contributions to understanding human impacts on mountainous environments of the past, highlighting patterns of historical-geographical continuity and change over time. Future investigations on historical settlements in a typical region would improve knowledge of these human-nature interactions over the long term. (c) 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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