The search range and search position of the particle are closely related to the shrinkage-expansion factor of the particle and the value of the center of the potential well. As the number of iterations increases, its search will gradually fall near the center of the potential well, and the search range will gradually decrease. Therefore, when the center of the potential well and the search range gradually approach the global optimum, the final result of the algorithm can be guaranteed to be the global optimum. Therefore, we need to optimize the shrinkage-expansion factor and the potential well center, improve the individual development ability of the group in the later stage of the algorithm and the expansion ability of the group, so that the potential well center is easier to fall near the global optimal point. Based on the chaotic strategy, a particle swarm initialization method is proposed. Using the unique ergodicity of the chaotic system, the method can make the particles spread well in the solution space of the search problem. Based on the antecedent normal cloud model, an adaptive method for determining control parameters and the center of the potential well is proposed. Based on the consequent normal cloud model, a particle adaptive mutation method is proposed. The comprehensive application of these improvement measures to the improved QPSO effectively improves the performance of the original algorithm. In this paper, the principle and method of multioptical axis parallelism measurement are studied. Based on the hardware equipment of the parallelism measurement system based on the large-diameter off-axis parabolic mirror collimator, the measurement accuracy and automation of the system are improved through image processing technology. The degree and anti-interference ability of the system are analyzed in detail. According to the characteristics of the system, an optimized focus evaluation function and a center positioning algorithm are proposed to improve the measurement speed and accuracy of the system. Through the improvement of the system DCT focus evaluation coefficient method and the optimization of the least squares ellipse fitting process, the measurement accuracy and anti-interference ability of the system are improved, the calculation time is shortened, and the real-time performance and automation of the system are enhanced.
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