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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T >Real-World Emission Characteristics of Full-Volatility Organics Originating from Nonroad Agricultural Machinery during Agricultural Activities
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Real-World Emission Characteristics of Full-Volatility Organics Originating from Nonroad Agricultural Machinery during Agricultural Activities

机译：Real-World Emission Characteristics of Full-Volatility Organics Originating from Nonroad Agricultural Machinery during Agricultural Activities

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摘要

Nonroad agricultural machinery (NRAM) emissions constitute a significant source of air pollution in China. Full-volatility organics originating from 19 machines under 6 agricultural activities were measured synchronously. The diesel-based emission factors (EFs) for full-volatility organics were 4.71 ± 2.78 g/kg fuel (average ± standard deviation), including 91.58 ± 8.42 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 7.94 ± 8.16 intermediate-volatility organic compounds (IVOCs), 0.28 ± 0.20 semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and 0.20 ± 0.16 low-volatility organic compounds (LVOCs). Full-volatility organic EFs were significantly reduced by stricter emission standards and were the highest under pesticide spraying activity. Our results also demonstrated that combustion efficiency was a potential factor influencing full-volatility organic emissions. Gas–particle partitioning in full-volatility organics could be affected by multiple factors. Furthermore, the estimated secondary organic aerosol formation potential based on measured full-volatility organics was 143.79 ± 216.80 mg/kg fuel and could be primarily attributed to higher-volatility-interval IVOCs (bin12–bin16 contributed 52.81 ± 11.58). Finally, the estimated emissions of full-volatility organics from NRAM in China (2021) were 94.23 Gg. This study provides first-hand data on full-volatility organic EFs originating from NRAM to facilitate the improvement of emission inventories and atmospheric chemistry models.

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