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Supercooled Liquid Ga Stretchable Electronics

机译：Supercooled Liquid Ga Stretchable Electronics

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By controlling the properties of its medium, supercooled liquid Ga (SLGa)based stretchable remains stretchable at ?22 ℃, i.e., 52 ℃ below its thermodynamicmelting point of Ga. Thus far, our oldest deposited SLGa circuit andfilm have remained liquids for 2 years at room temperature. The study investigatesthe crystallization of SLGa triggered by the surface energy of nucleationagents, temperature, circuit cross-section, and mechanical impact. Based onthese parameters, a method is presented to integrate electronic componentswith SLGa circuits without compromising its supercooling effect. Further, thelarge stiffness variation induced by phase transition is demonstrated in differentapplications. For the desired stiffness variation, the crystallization ratecan be controlled by varying the temperature and cross-section area. Finally,spray-printing an ink of microscale SLGa microscale particles can conformallypattern Ga on a rough surface, e.g., to fabricate a stretchable array ofSLGa microelectrodes. A smart patch with stretchable SLGa electrode arraysrecords human electrocardiogram signals in cold water and does not stainthe skin after use. Its low and stable impedance in water will enable novelapplications in wearable electronics.

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