Water management in Pakistan’s Indus Basin: challenges and opportunities

Shahmir Janjua; Ishtiaq Hassan; Shoaib MuhammadSaira AhmedAfzal Ahmed

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Water management in Pakistan’s Indus Basin: challenges and opportunities

机译：Water management in Pakistan’s Indus Basin: challenges and opportunities

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The Indus River System is a major source of life in Pakistan. A vast array of Pakistan’s agricultural and domestic consumptionneeds are critically dependent on the Indus River System. The Indus River contributes towards 25 of the country’s gross domesticproduct, providing water for almost 90 of the food production in Pakistan. Linked to the water security issues, Pakistan ispotentially at risk of facing a severe food shortage in the near future. The World Bank report of 2020–2021 estimates that thewater shortage will increase to 32 by 2025, which will result in a food shortage of almost 70 million tons. Water shortage couldalso result in confrontation between the provinces as river sharing has always been a source of problem for Pakistan. Accordingto recent estimates, siltation and climate change will reduce the water storage capacity by 2025 to almost 30. As for the percapita water storage capacity in Pakistan, it is about 150 m~3, which is quite meagre in comparison with that in other countries.Irrigated agriculture will soon be adversely affected due to the reduced surface water supplies and the consequent increase ingroundwater abstraction. To make matters worse, over the past decades, a great deal of distrust has developed among theprovinces of Pakistan regarding the water distribution issue, and the successive federal governments have failed to formulatea cohesive inter-provincial National Water Policy. Along with the shortages and increasing demand for water, administrativecorruption also plagues the water sector and is quite common. The beneficiaries of this water reallocation system are notonly the rural elite, for example the large and politically influential landlords, but also the small and medium capitalist farmers.If not properly addressed, these complications of decreasing water resources could result in serious political and economic hostilityamong the provinces. If it wants to harness its potential to increase storage capacity, Pakistan must improve its water-useefficiency and manage its groundwater and surface water resources in a sustainable way. Strengthening the institutions andremoving mistrust among the provinces are the key elements for maintaining a sustainable irrigated agriculture in the IndusBasin.

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来源
《Water policy》 |2021年第6期|1329-1343|共15页
作者
Shahmir Janjua; Ishtiaq Hassan; Shoaib MuhammadSaira AhmedAfzal Ahmed;
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作者单位

Department of Civil Engineering, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan;

Department of Civil Engineering, Wah Engineering College, University of Wah, Wah Cantt 47040, Pakistan;

Directorate of Sustainability and Environment, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, PakistanDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Pakistan;

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原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类水文科学（水界物理学）;
关键词
Groundwater abstraction; Indus River; National water policy; Pakistan; Sustainable;

Water management in Pakistan’s Indus Basin: challenges and opportunities

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