Abstract Photonic crystal add–drop filter structures are promising technology for optical communication networks. This paper presents the design of H-shaped photonic crystal add–drop filter that consists of one straight waveguide and four arm waveguides. A ring resonator-based add–drop filter has been proposed with upper and lower waveguides for light propagation. A triangular-shaped add–drop filter has also been designed using two-dimensional photonic crystals (2D-PCs) also with high optical transmission capabilities. Numerical methods such as plane wave expansion and finite-difference time-domain method have been employed in the execution of this work. The proposed 1?×?4 H-shaped add–drop filter has shown an optimum quality factor (QF) and transmission efficiency (TE) for the wavelength range of 1.465–1.50?μm. The ring resonator-based add–drop filter has been designed for the wavelength range from 1.48 to 1.495?μm to obtain better transmission potential. The triangular-shaped add–drop filter has been designed having a high QF with band gap ranging from 1.440 to 1.550?μm. From the results, it has been observed that the triangular-shaped filter has obtained a transmission efficiency of 90 and a QF of 7239 compared with other photonic crystal add–drop filters in the literature. The designed H-shaped add–drop filter and ring resonator have also obtained high QF values of 5853 and 6453, respectively. An extensive survey and comparison has been presented in the paper, and the related parameters have been compared to feature the obtained results. Photonic crystal structures presented in this paper have been redefined for different configurations with multiple ports for monitoring the power. The H-shaped and triangular-shaped add–drop filters for rod in air configuration have been designed, which has better visibility for simulation in micromachining domain with very less runtime.
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