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Controlling and Monitoring Crack Propagation in Monolayer Graphene Single Crystals

机译:Controlling and Monitoring Crack Propagation in Monolayer Graphene Single Crystals

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摘要

The evolution and propagation of cracks in exfoliated monolayer graphenesingle crystals and their associated stress fields are studied using Ramanspectroscopy as a strain sensor. Such stress fields are found to extend overseveral microns, and their analysis leads to the fracture behavior of graphenebeing interpreted using linear elastic fracture mechanics. It is shown thatpropagation of a sharp crack occurs at a critical stress intensity factorK_c ≈ 4.0 MPa m~(1/2), similar to the earlier findings of theoretical simulations. Incontrast, a blunt crack lying along an irrational direction of the crystal is foundto have a less localized stress field at the crack tip and propagate at a value ofK_c > 9 MPa m~(1/2). It is also shown that once crack propagation takes place, thecracks rotate to become aligned approximately perpendicular to the tensile axis,regardless of the crystallographic orientation of the graphene. Based upon this,a simple strain engineering method is proposed to control the propagation ofcracks. This has important implications for the use of graphene in practicalapplications and suggests a simple method to control the formation of cracks ingraphene through the application of strain.

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