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Wind–Sand Flux Electrization over Desertified Areas

机译：Wind–Sand Flux Electrization over Desertified Areas

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Abstract Using the measurement data in a wind–sand flux on the desertified areas of Astrakhan oblast and Kalmykia, it has been established that the time variability of saltating and dust aerosol particle concentrations, the electric characteristics of the wind–sand flux, including electric currents of saltation, the volume charge of dust aerosol particles, and the electric field intensity in the near-surface layer of the atmosphere within a range of ~30 s to 30 min are determined by the low-frequency variations in the horizontal component of the wind velocity. According to the data of measurements, over the desertified area, the electric charge surface density reaches +25 nC/m2. The empirical probability distribution of a specific charge for sand grains under the condition of quasi-continuous saltation is obtained. A saltation initiation mechanism by electric discharges on the underlayer surface is proposed. An analytical model of particle liftoff to the near-surface layer of the atmosphere by electric discharges on the underlayer surface is presented. It is shown that, during the electric (corona) discharge, the saltating particle launch velocity can exceed 1 m/s.

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