Abstract:We performed a prospective study in 17 consecutive patients following autologous bone marrow (BM) or rhG‐CSF primed peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation, with the objective of comparing immune recovery between both procedures and to evaluate results in rhG‐CSF mobilized peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Kinetics of immune reconstitution showed differences, with a faster recovery of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells, and a more rapid and sustained recovery of CD8±/CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells in the PBCSCT group. Autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) was associated with a improved reconstitution of the CD19+/CD5±subpopulation. Moreover, rhG‐CSF mobilized PBSCT generated a greater recovery of CD8±/CD56+ cells than previous data concerning transplantation with peripheral blood (PB) progenitors collected after myelosuppressive chemotherapy or myelosuppressive therapy plus rhG‐CSF. Our results show differences in the rate and pattern of B and T lymphocytes reconstitution after ABMT and PBSCT. Additionally, we state an enhancement of CD56+ cells in patients undergoing PBSCT mobilized solely usi
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