Oxidation of iodide and hypoiodous acid in the disinfection of natural waters

Bichsel  Yves; Von Gunten  Urs

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Oxidation of iodide and hypoiodous acid in the disinfection of natural waters

机译：Oxidation of iodide and hypoiodous acid in the disinfection of natural waters

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摘要

In aqueous oxidative processes with ozone (O sub(3)), chlorine, or chloramine, naturally occurring iodide (I super(-)) can easily be oxidized to hypoiodous acid (HOI) which can react with natural organic matter (NOM) or be further oxidized to iodate (IO super(-) sub(3)). Such processes can be of importance for the geochemistry of iodine and for the fate of iodine in industrial processes (drinking water treatment, aquacultures). Whereas IO super(-) sub(3) is the desired sink for iodine in drinking waters, iodoorganic compounds (especially iodoform, CHI sub(3)) are problematic due to their taste and odor. To assess the sink for iodine during oxidation of natural waters, we determined the kinetics of several oxidation reactions of HOl. Ozone, chlorine, and chloramine have been tested as potential oxidants. Ozone oxidized both HOl and hypoiodite (Ol super(-)) (k sub(D3-HOl) identical with 3.6 x 10 super(4) M super(-1) s super(-1); k sub(03+0l(-)) identical with 1.6 x 10 super(6) M super(-1) s super(-1)) in a fast reaction. Chlorine species oxidized HOl by a combination of second- and third-order reactions (k double prime sub(HOCl+HOl) identical with 8.2 M super(-1) s super(-1); kTPRM sub(HOCl+HOl) identical with 8.3 x 10 super(4) M super(-2) s super(-1); k sub(OCl-+HOl) identical with 52 M super(-1) s super(-1)). Monochloramine did not further oxidize HOl. The probability of the formation of iodoorganic compounds during drinking water disinfection therefore increases in the order O sub(3) < Cl sub(2) < NH sub(2)Cl. In aquacultures, l super(-) is transformed to IO super(-) sub(3) within seconds to minutes in the presence of chlorine or ozone. In the surface boundary layer of seawater, O sub(3) oxidizes l super(-) to HOl but not to lO super(-) sub(3).

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来源
《Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T》 |1999年第22期|4040-4045|共6页
作者
Bichsel Yves; Von Gunten Urs;
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作者单位

Swiss Federal Inst for Environmental Science and Technology, Dubendorf, Switz;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类环境化学;
关键词
Iodine; Acids; Disinfection; Natural water geochemistry; Reaction kinetics; Ozone; Chlorine; Potable water; Aquaculture; Boundary layers;

Oxidation of iodide and hypoiodous acid in the disinfection of natural waters

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