Reproductive ecology (pollination biology, breeding systems, and reproductive effort and success) of the three Nordic species ofPinguicula, P. alpina, P. villosa, andP. vulgaris(Lentibulariaceae), was investigated in a subarctic‐subalpine area at Abisko, N Swedish Lapland. Additional studies were carried out at Latnjajaure Field Station, a subarctic‐alpine tundra site in the Abisko mountains (P. alpina, P. vulgaris), and in W Greenland (P. vulgaris). At Abisko the species are sympatric and large populations of all three were found within a 50 × 50 m area. The three species are reproduc‐tively isolated by internal barriers by occupying different ploidy levels.Pinguicula alpinaandP. vulgaristhrive in base‐rich habitats, whereasP. villosais restricted to nutrient‐poorSphagnumbogs, but habitat separation alone is probably not sufficient to prevent illegitimate pollen flow among the species. However, results showed that there are large and consistent differences in pollination biology, flowering phenology, and breeding systems, and these factors interact to create a highly efficient reproductive isolation at all levels, pre‐zygotic as well as post‐zygotic.Pinguicula alpinais an early‐flowering outbreeder,P. vulgarisis an opportunistic late‐flowering inbreeder, andP. villosais quite intermediate between the two extremes. The phenology‐based life history strategies of thePinguiculaspecies were in accordance with a general model developed for arctic flowering plants, predicting maximized fitness through pollen or seed in early‐ and late‐floweri
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