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首页> 外文期刊>In Vitro Cellular and Development Biology. Plant: Journal of the Tissue Culture Association >Developmental regulation of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in opium poppy plants and tissue cultures.
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Developmental regulation of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis in opium poppy plants and tissue cultures.

机译：罂粟植物和组织培养物中苄基异喹啉生物碱生物合成的发育调控。

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摘要

Papaver somniferum contains pharmaceutically important, benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (morphine, codeine, papaverine and sanguinarine). Although these alkaloids accumulate to high concentrations in various organs of the intact plants, only the phytoalexin sanguinarine has been found at significant levels in cell cultures. Sanguinarine biosynthesis is not constitutive in cell suspension cultures, but is induced after treatment with a fungal-derived elicitor. The absence of appreciable quantities of alkaloids in dedifferentiated cell cultures suggests that benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis is developmentally regulated and requires the differentiation of specific tissues. A requirement for the presence of specialized laticifer cells has been suggested before certain alkaloids (morphine and codeine) can accumulate. Laticifers differentiate from procambial cells and undergo articulation and anastomosis to form a continuous network of elements associated with the phloem throughout much of the intact plant. Latex is the combined cytoplasm of fused laticifer vessels, and contains numerous large alkaloid vesicles in which latex-associated poppy alkaloids are sequestered. Alkaloid biosynthesis in opium poppy is an excellent model system to investigate the developmental regulation and cell biology of complex metabolic pathways, and the relationship between metabolic regulation and cell-type specific differentiation. The roles of cellular differentiation and plant development in alkaloid biosynthesisin P. somniferum plants and tissue cultures are discussed.
机译：罂粟含有药学上重要的苄基异喹啉生物碱（吗啡，可待因，罂粟碱和血红碱）。尽管这些生物碱在完整植物的各个器官中积累了高浓度，但在细胞培养物中仅发现了植物抗毒素血红素碱。血红素的生物合成在细胞悬浮培养物中不是组成性的，但是在用真菌来源的激发子处理后被诱导。在去分化的细胞培养物中没有明显数量的生物碱，这表明苄基异喹啉生物碱的生物合成受到发育调节，需要分化特定的组织。在某些生物碱（吗啡和可待因）可以积累之前，有人建议需要存在专门的胶乳细胞。 Laticifers与procambian细胞区分开并经过关节运动和吻合，在整个完整植物的大部分区域形成与韧皮部相关的元素的连续网络。乳胶是融合的乳胶状血管的组合细胞质，并且包含许多大生物碱小泡，其中乳胶相关的罂粟生物碱被隔离。罂粟中生物碱的生物合成是研究复杂代谢途径的发育调控和细胞生物学，以及代谢调控与细胞类型特异性分化之间关系的绝佳模型系统。讨论了细胞分化和植物发育在苦参植物和组织培养生物碱生物合成中的作用。

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