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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology: ES&T >Experimental Visualization of Solute Transport and Mass Transfer Processes in Two-Dimensional Conductivity Fields with Connected Regions of High Conductivity
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Experimental Visualization of Solute Transport and Mass Transfer Processes in Two-Dimensional Conductivity Fields with Connected Regions of High Conductivity

机译：Experimental Visualization of Solute Transport and Mass Transfer Processes in Two-Dimensional Conductivity Fields with Connected Regions of High Conductivity

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Solute transport displaying mass transfer behavior(i.e.,tailing)occurs in many aquifers and soils.Spatial patterns of hydraulic conductivity may play a role because of both advection and diffusion through isolated low conductivity areas.We demonstrated such processes in laboratory experiments designed to visualize solute transport through a thin chamber(40 cm x 20 cm x 0.64 cm thick)packed with glass beads and containing circular emplacements of smaller glass beads with lower conductivity.The experiments used three different contrasts of conductivity between the large-bead matrix and the emplacements,targeting three different regimes of solute transport:low contrast,targeting macrodispersion;intermediate contrast,targeting advection-dominated mass transfer between the high-conductivity regions and the emplacements;and high contrast,targeting diffusion-dominated mass transfer.Use of a strong light source,a high-resolution CCD camera,and a colorimetric dye produced images with a spatial resolution of about 400/mum and a concentration range of approximately 2 orders of magnitude.These images confirm the existence of the three different regimes,and we observed tailing driven by both advection and diffusion.Outflow concentration measured by spectrophotometer achieved 3 orders of magnitude in concentration range and showed good agreement with known models in the case of dispersion and diffusive mass transfer,with estimated parameters close to a priori predictions.Existing models for diffusive mass transfer did not fit the breakthrough curves from the intermediate-contrast chamber,but a model of slow advection through cylinders did.Thus,both breakthrough curves and chamber images confirm that different contrasts in small-scale K lead to different regimes of solute transport and thus require different models of upscaled solute transport.

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