Irrigation and fertilization of short-rotation willow coppice withwastewater is a new way of reusing wastewater in Sweden. To evaluatethe possible impact of viruses on groundwater quality, the transportand retention of the bacteriophage Salmonella Typhimurium type 28Bwere studied in two types of willow-cropped Field lysimeterscontaining clay or sand soil. Phages were applied to the soil Surfaceand moderate irrigation was done daily under field-like conditions.
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