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Neutronic analysis of a thorium fusion breeder with enhanced protection against nuclear weapon proliferation

机译:Neutronic analysis of a thorium fusion breeder with enhanced protection against nuclear weapon proliferation

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摘要

The fissile breeding capability of a (D,T) fusion--fission(hybrid) reactor fueled with thorium is analyzed to provide nuclearfuel for light water reactors (LWRs). Three different fertilematerial compositions are investigated for fissile fuel breeding f(l) ThO2, (2) ThO2 denatu- rated with l0 natural-UO2 and (3) ThO_2denaturated with l0/100 LWR spent fuel. Two dif ferent coolants(pressurized helium and Flibe 'Li2BeF4') are selected for the nuclearheat transfer out of the fissile fuel breeding zone. Depending on thetype of the coolant in the fis- sion zone, fusion power plantoperation periods between 30 and 48 months are evaluated to achieve afissile fuel enrichment quality between 3 and 4/100, under afirst-wall fusion neutron energy load of 5 MW/m~2 and a plant factorof 75/100. Flibe coolant is superior to helium with regard to fissilefuel breeding. During a plant operation over four years, enrichmentgrades between 3.0 and 5.8/100 are calculated for different fertilefuel and coolant compositions. Fusion breeder with ThO_2 producesweapon grade 233U. The denaturation of the 233U fuel is realized witha homogenous mixture of 90/100 ThO_2 with l0/100 natural-UO_2 as wellas with l0/100 LWR spent nuclear fuel. The homogenous mixture of90/100 ThO2 with l0/100 natural-UO_2 can successfully denaturate 233Uwith 238U. The uranium component of the mixture remains denaturatedover the entire plant operation period of 48 months. However, at theearly stages of plant operation, the generated plutonium component isof weapon grade quality. The plu-. tonium component can

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