The recent framework established by the European Union for the promotion of biofuels is expected to encourage the energy crops sector. In Spain, the share of bioethanol in the transport sector is nearly ten times the share of biodiesel; hence a renewed interest in research and development in energy crops for bioethanol has arisen. In this work four non-conventional crops with potential for bioethanol are reviewed. Jerusalem artichoke and sweet sorghum are proposed as potential crops for irrigated lands while prickly pear and tree tobacco are suggested for hot arid lands.
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