AbstractA polytheylene composite was prepared and tested. It was consisted of a high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix and uniaxial gel‐spun high‐modulus PE fiber. Aided by the similarity between matrix and fiber, transcrystallization of HDPE melt on the PE fiber surface was generated. Nucleating agents were not employed. The transcrystalline growth of HDPE on the PE fiber surface was found to consist of an inner and an outer zone. The inner zone, 2–3 μm thick, is composed of HDPE crystals nucleated on the PE fiber surface. Photomicrographs showed a well‐defined region of row‐nucleated HDPE on the surface of PE fiber. This means the fibrils of HDPE were found to grow out from the PE fiber axis and HDPE crystallites are oriented in planes perpendicular to the PE fiber axis. The fiber in the composite induced the transcrystalline growth of HDPE on the PE fiber surface at higher temperature than on cooling the melt. For 36 wt fiber, the increase was 2.5°C, also resulting in ∼ 10 more crystals. Crystallization of a composite with 50 wt fiber at 124°C involved two steps: The first a fast transcrystallization of HDPE on the PE fiber surface followed by the bulk crystalliza
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