Taking account of the different frequencies of the amplifier and absorber transitions and also of the pulse centre, equations are established and a closed solution is given for the stationary amplitude and phase of the pulses from a cw dye laser in the colliding pulse mode-locking regime. The results concerning the frequency range of a stable single pulse regime, the pulse duration and the sweep of the instantaneous carrier frequency of the pulse (chirp) give a good description of experimental data and permit an estimation of the conditions for extracavity and intracavity chirp compensation. The advantages of colliding pulse mode-locking are shown to arise from the enhanced pulse energy in the absorber due to the pulse timing, as well as from the coherent interaction of the counterpropagating pulses.
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