A Chemically Synthesized Artificial Pancreas: Release of Insulin from Glucose-Responsive Hydrogels

Anthony Guiseppi-Elie; Sean I. Brahim; Dyer Narinesingh

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A Chemically Synthesized Artificial Pancreas: Release of Insulin from Glucose-Responsive Hydrogels

机译：A Chemically Synthesized Artificial Pancreas: Release of Insulin from Glucose-Responsive Hydrogels

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Recent research efforts throughout the world have resulted in substantial contributions to the intriguing field of controlled drug release. The use of hydrogel-based controlled release systems has been extensively exploited primarily due to the non-toxicity and biocompatibility afforded by these polymers. Diffusion-controlled polymeric matrix devices using hydrogels have been among the most widely used drug delivery systems, mainly due to their low manufacturing cost. However, in all applications to date these materials are passive, being without the capacity to chemically recognize a biologically derived marker and to respond with an altered rate of release of the candidate drug. Also, in conventional matrix devices, where the drug to be released, is dispersed or dissolved uniformly throughout the polymer, the diffusional distance increases with time (as the drug is released), and hence, the release inherently follows first-order diffusion behavior with an initially high release rate followed by a rapidly declining drug release rate. A goal of research in this area is to develop hydrogen devices that can provide time-independent, sustained release of bioactive agents. Various approaches have been developed in an attempt to achieve zero-order release kinetics in polymeric matrix devices. The include variations in geometry, development of surface eroding polymers, and design of devices combining several release mechanisms. In the last few years there has been an explosion in research aimed at creating new and improved drug delivery systems. However, because of its biomedical importance, by far the greatest demand remains the controlled delivery of insulin. Improvements have been made in the development of the necessary and complementary technologies for insulin infusion, glucose measurement, and glucose-insulin interactions. Several innovative strategies employing hydrogels containing the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) and insulin have been attempted in an effort to achieve a tighter control of blood glucose levels by insulin inhibition. In this article, we report on one such approach to develop a glucose-stimulated insulin administration system that provides a more controlled, sustained rate of insulin delivery while responding to glucose.

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《Advanced Materials》 |2002年第10期|743-745|共3页
作者
Anthony Guiseppi-Elie; Sean I. Brahim; Dyer Narinesingh;
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Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Bioelectronics, Biosensors and Biochips, (C3B), Virginia Commonwealth University P.O. Box 843038 601 West Main Street, Richmond, VA 23284-3038 (USA);

Deaprtment of Chemistry, The University of the West Indies St. Augustine, Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (West Indies);

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中图分类工程材料学;
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A Chemically Synthesized Artificial Pancreas: Release of Insulin from Glucose-Responsive Hydrogels

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