Genetic engineering, regenerative medicine, reproductive technology, and nanotechnology have the potential to produce healthier, fitter, and more intelligent humans with significantly longer lives. These interventions in the natural lottery of life may enable us to take control of our evolution and alter the limits it has imposed on us. Whether we should enhance human capacities is perhaps the most contentious issue in bioethics today. In Enhancing Evolution, John Harris argues that we are not just morally permitted to enhance but in some cases have a moral duty to do so. This duty rests on the claim that enhancements "make us better people, less the slaves to illness and premature death, less fearful because we have less to fear, less dependent, not least upon medical science and on doctors" (p. 185).
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