A flexible numerical method for analyzing diffraction of real-time holograms written in bacteriorhodopsin films is described. The method calculates the propagation of writing and reading beams in bacteriorhodopsin films using thefinite-differential beam propagation method. The changes of the films in refractive index and absorption are deduced from rate equations for B-state and M-state molecules. We apply this method to a real-time holographic lens and calculate the spot profile on the focal plane and the diffraction efficiencies for various parameter values. We also measured diffraction efficiencies experimentally and compared the values with numerical results.
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