Three types of research questions are commonly asked about data from dyads: (1) What are the overall group differences between the two sets of measurements? (2) What is the association between paired data? and (3) What is the agreement between pairs? These three types of questions about the same dyad dataset lead to different analyses, and the answer to one question does not necessarily help in answering the other questions. The purpose of this article is to highlight the differences among these questions and their respective methods of data analysis. The intent is to stress the necessity for congruence between research questions and the analysis, rather than to present a review of all possible methods of analysis of paired data.
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