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首页> 外文期刊>Infection, Genetics and Evolution: Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases >Of parasites and men
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Of parasites and men

机译：人与寄生虫

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摘要

The living world has evolved and is evolving through interspecific relationships between organisms. The diversity of these interactions is enormous going from mutualism to parasitism. Humans live with a multitude of microorganisms, essential for their biology. However, interactions are not always advantageous. Indeed, many organisms might become pathogens, such as the Plasmodium species, the causative agents of malaria. Like many other microorganisms, they are Machiavellian in their capacity to elaborate a range of reproduction strategies, giving them a huge advantage in terms of adaptation. Here, we discuss the role played by parasites in the ecology and evolution of living organisms and particularly of humans. In the study of infectious diseases, humans are legitimately the focal point, although they represent only one ecosystem among many others and not taking this into account certainly biases our global view of the system. Indeed, we know only a minimal fraction of the microorganisms we live with. However, parasites have shaped and are still shaping the human genome. Several genetic signatures are the proofs of the selection pressures by parasites that humankind has endured during its evolution. But, ultimately, what are the solutions for living with pathogens? Should we eradicate them or should we learn how to control and manage them? (C) 2013 The Authors
机译：生命世界已经进化并通过生物之间的种间关系发展。这些互动的多样性从互惠主义到寄生主义都是巨大的。人类生活着多种微生物，这对于他们的生物学至关重要。但是，交互并不总是有利的。确实，许多生物可能成为病原体，例如疟原虫物种（疟原虫）。像许多其他微生物一样，它们在拟定一系列繁殖策略方面也具有“马基雅维利人”的称号，因此在适应方面具有巨大优势。在这里，我们讨论了寄生虫在活的生物体，尤其是人类的生态学和进化中所起的作用。在传染病研究中，尽管人类只代表一个生态系统，但人类确实是焦点，尽管不考虑这一点，无疑会使我们对该系统的全球看法产生偏差。确实，我们只知道我们所生活的微生物中的一小部分。然而，寄生虫已经塑造并且仍在塑造人类基因组。几个遗传标志是人类进化过程中所承受的寄生虫选择压力的证据。但是，最终，与病原体一起生活的解决方案是什么？我们应该根除它们还是应该学习如何控制和管理它们？ （C）2013作者

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