The presence of an S-100-like immunoreactivity was investigated in the planarianDugesia gonocephala. By microcomplement fixation assay, measurable amounts of S-100-like immunoreactive material (0.11μg/mg soluble protein) were detected in planarian high-speed supernatants. The index of immunological dissimilarity between ox S-100 and planarian S-100-like immunoreactive material was higher than that previously calculated between ox S-100 and all the vertebrates tested. By the immunohistochemical PAP method, S-100-like immunoreactivity was only detectable in the cilia of the epidermal cells. Although the biological meaning of S-100-like immunoreactivity in planarian remains to be clarified, the present data introduce new perspectives into the investigation of S-100
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