The paper discusses considerations which enter the decision to develop water transfer projects for the purposes of industrial water utilization. Several important characteristics of water use in industry are then outlined, with the aim of showing that there are significant opportunities for promoting water reuse and conservation. Among the issues discussed here are recirculation potential, demand management, pollution control and changes in the economic base. In the last section, two approaches to water resource issues, supply management and demand management, are discussed. It is concluded that water transfers need to be developed only in the last resort, and that Canadian water managers have paid scarcely any attention to developing industrial water conservation; this situation calls for much more research, and the postponement indefinitely of actions on water transfers.
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