Contribution of river floods, hurricanes, and cold fronts to elevation change in a deltaic floodplain, northern Gulf of Mexico, USA

Bevington Azure E.; Twilley Robert R.; Sasser Charles E.Holm Guerry O. Jr.

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Contribution of river floods, hurricanes, and cold fronts to elevation change in a deltaic floodplain, northern Gulf of Mexico, USA

机译：Contribution of river floods, hurricanes, and cold fronts to elevation change in a deltaic floodplain, northern Gulf of Mexico, USA

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Deltas are globally important locations of diverse ecosystems, human settlement, and economic activity that are threatened by reductions in sediment delivery, accelerated sea level rise, and subsidence. Here we investigated the relative contribution of river flooding, hurricanes, and cold fronts on elevation change in the prograding Wax Lake Delta (WLD). Sediment surface elevation was measured across 87 plots, eight times from February 2008 to August 2011. The high peak discharge river floods in 2008 and 2011 resulted in the greatest mean net elevation gain of 5.4 to 4.9 cm over each flood season, respectively. The highest deltaic wetland sediment retention (13.5 of total sediment discharge) occurred during the 2008 river flood despite lower total and peak discharge compared to 2011. Hurricanes Gustav and Ike resulted in a total net elevation gain of 1.2 cm, but the long-term contribution of hurricane derived sediments to deltaic wetlands was estimated to be just 22 of the long-term contribution of large river floods. Winter cold front passage resulted in a net loss in elevation that is equal to the elevation gain from lower discharge river floods and was consistent across years. This amount of annual loss in elevation from cold fronts could effectively negate the long-term land building capacity within the delta without the added elevation gain from both high and low discharge river floods. The current lack of inclusion of cold front elevation loss in most predictive numerical models likely overestimates the land building capacity in areas that experience similar forcings to WLD. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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《Estuarine coastal and shelf science》 |2017年第15期|188-200|共13页
作者
Bevington Azure E.; Twilley Robert R.; Sasser Charles E.Holm Guerry O. Jr.;
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作者单位

Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA;

Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Sea Grant, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA;

CH2M, 700 Main St,Suite 400, Baton Rouge, LA 70801 USA;

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原文格式 PDF
正文语种英语
中图分类海洋学;
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Deltas; Sedimentation; Cold fronts; Hurricanes; River floods; Deltaic floodplain wetlands; USA; Louisiana; Wax Lake Delta;

Contribution of river floods, hurricanes, and cold fronts to elevation change in a deltaic floodplain, northern Gulf of Mexico, USA

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